What is Ruri-iro (lapis lazuli blue)? An explanation of the origin, history, and color scheme of this traditional Japanese color.

Japanese Color Encyclopedia
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瑠璃色の色見本 HEX #2A5CAA
Japanese color name Lapis Lazuli
reading ruriiro
HEX #2A5CAA
RGB 42, 92, 170
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What is the color lapis lazuli? Origin and etymology

The color "lapis lazuli" is derived from the gemstone "lapis lazuli." Lapis lazuli is considered one of the seven treasures in Buddhism and has been regarded as a sacred jewel adorning the Pure Land. Therefore, lapis lazuli is not merely a beautiful blue, but a special color symbolizing sanctity and nobility. Its deep, clear bluish-purple color evokes the sky and the deep sea, and has continued to fascinate people. Pigments and dyes that imitate the color of this gemstone were created and are said to have become deeply rooted in Japanese color culture.

The historical background of the lapis lazuli color

Lapis lazuli, as seen in the treasures of the Shōsōin, was a precious gemstone that had been in Japan since ancient times. In particular, during the Nara period, lapis lazuli was widely used as an ornament in Buddhist art, and its color was considered indispensable in representing the Buddhist world. In the Heian period, the word "ruri" (lapis lazuli) began to appear in literary works and came to be used as a metaphor for something noble.

During the Edo period, the import of Prussian blue made it possible for ordinary people to create a more vibrant lapis lazuli color, and this hue began to appear in ukiyo-e prints and other art forms. Traditionally, expensive "ultramarine" made from powdered lapis lazuli was used as a pigment, but its use was limited due to its rarity. The emergence of inexpensive synthetic pigments made lapis lazuli a more accessible color.

Related literature, waka poetry, and seasonal words

The color lapis lazuli is frequently mentioned in literary works due to its beauty. In "The Tale of Genji," there are scenes where a noble blue reminiscent of lapis lazuli is used to describe the furnishings and clothing of Rokujo-in, the residence of Hikaru Genji. Furthermore, due to its Buddhist background, lapis lazuli is often depicted as a color symbolizing the Pure Land or an ideal world. While "lapis lazuli" itself is not a direct seasonal word, the word "lapis lazuli" has been used in waka and haiku as a metaphor for something beautiful or precious.

On a land of lapis lazuli, there are golden dust grains and the Milky Way.

— Masaoka Shiki

Color scheme preview

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A proposed color scheme in lapis lazuli blue.

Lapis Lazuli
golden
White training
gloomy gold

Golden (#E6B422)

Lapis lazuli and gold are a traditional combination frequently seen in Buddhist art and temple decorations. The sacredness of lapis lazuli and the splendor of gold complement each other, creating a majestic and dignified impression. It has long been established as a noble color combination.

White training (#FFFFFF)

The contrast between the deep lapis lazuli blue and the pure white creates a remarkably clear and refined impression. Like the "sometsuke" (blue and white porcelain) found in Japanese ceramics, this color scheme achieves both cleanliness and elegance, creating a cool and intellectual atmosphere.

Blue gold (#FABE00)

Turmeric yellow, a vibrant yellow dyed with turmeric, is almost a complementary color to lapis lazuli blue. This color combination enhances each other, creating a lively and vibrant feel. It's a combination that evokes a sense of exoticism and foreign charm.

Practical Scenes

In the world of kimono, lapis lazuli is used in formal kimono such as visiting kimonos, furisode (long-sleeved kimono), and obi (sashes), giving an impression of nobility and composure. Especially when combined with gold or silver threads, it adds even more splendor, making it suitable for formal occasions. It is also used in men's kimono and accessories, creating a stylish and intellectual atmosphere.

In interior design, using lapis lazuli as an accent color brings depth and tranquility to a space. Incorporating it into cushions, curtains, or parts of the wallpaper creates a sophisticated and luxurious atmosphere. When paired with a space based on white or wood tones, the color stands out and gives a modern impression.

In web and graphic design, lapis lazuli is used as a color symbolizing trustworthiness and intelligence. It is effective as a corporate color for companies, on websites for luxury goods, and in academic content. When combined with white or gray, it creates a highly visible and calm design.

FAQ

❓ What is the difference between lapis lazuli and navy blue?
Lapis lazuli is a vibrant, purplish-blue color derived from the gemstone lapis lazuli. On the other hand, navy blue is the darkest shade of indigo dye, referring to a dark blue that is almost black. Lapis lazuli differs in that it is more vibrant and contains a purplish nuance.
❓ What pigments were used to make the color lapis lazuli?
In the past, "ultramarine," made by crushing the gemstone lapis lazuli, was used as the highest quality pigment. However, because it was extremely expensive, later on, "smalt," made from powdered cobalt glass, and "Prussian blue," a chemically synthesized pigment, came to be widely used as substitutes.
❓ Why is lapis lazuli considered a sacred color?
The reason is that the gemstone "lapis lazuli," from which the color lapis lazuli originates, is considered one of the seven treasures that adorn the Pure Land in Buddhism. For this reason, lapis lazuli is regarded as a color symbolizing the world of Buddha and sacred spaces, and has been used as a revered color in temple decorations and Buddhist implements since ancient times.

Japanese colors similar to lapis lazuli

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